Mexico’s Easter traditions begin with tributes to La Dolorosa (Our Lady of Sorrows) on the last Friday before Holy Week, which falls this year on April 11.
On this day, many devout families and cultural centers set up altars dedicated to the Virgin Mary, dressed in mourning attire and adorned with symbolic elements. These displays express both sympathy for the suffering of Jesus Christ’s mother and hope for human redemption.
At the heart of these Viernes de Dolores shrines are statues or printed images of La Dolorosa, her face marked by sorrow, accompanied by a cross. The altars are often framed with cloth drapes or papel picado (intricately cut tissue paper). The dominant colors are deep purple, symbolizing mourning, and white, representing purity.
Symbolic elements
Various natural elements enhance the displays:
• Fresh flowers, especially red blossoms, symbolize Christ’s blood.
• Pine boughs or greenery represent the Mount of Olives.
• Newly sprouted plants—grown from chia or other seeds blessed and planted on Candlemas (February 2)—signify rebirth.
• Bitter oranges or grapefruit reflect the bittersweet sacrifice of Christ.
• Copal incense and aromatic herbs such as chamomile and rosemary evoke traditional burial rites.
Some altars also include a caged mourning dove or a songbird, offering soothing sounds as a tribute to a grieving mother’s pain. Alternatively, cut-out paper doves may be used in place of live birds.
Objects associated with the Passion of Christ sometimes appear on the altars, including a crown of thorns, a ladder, a lash, nails, and a vinegar-soaked sponge. A rooster symbolizes the moment the Apostle Peter denied Christ, while a mirror reflects the sinful human soul.
In the past, these altars were called incendios, referring to the dozens of elaborate wax candles used to illuminate them. Today, many families use vigil candles in glass containers or electric holiday lights instead.
Visiting altars
Visiting multiple household altars after dark is a cherished Viernes de Dolores tradition. Guests announce their arrival with the question:
“¿Ya lloró la Virgen?” (Has the Virgin cried yet?)
In response, the host serves agua fresca, a refreshing beverage symbolizing the Virgin’s spilled tears. Common flavors include hibiscus (flor de Jamaica), lime with chia seeds, and seasonal fruits.
Holy Week continues
Easter observances resume Sunday, April 13, with Palm Sunday processions commemorating Jesus’ triumphant entry into Jerusalem before his arrest, trial, and crucifixion.